Its innervation is from the upper suprascapular nerve. origin: in strips on the lateral and anterior surface of ribs Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. iliacus - origin: ilium fossa Action: Actions Alone(unilateral), lateral flexion of vertebral column; Together (bilateral), depression of thoracic rib cage, any of the three pairs of muscles on each side of the neck that are involved in moving the neck, and in breathing Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle:This muscle is located in the intermediate layer and has two heads. Insertion: Medial proximal condyle of tibia Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal tibia Insertion: First metatarsal and first cuneiform Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, Origin: Condyles of femur Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, Origin:Posterior, proximal tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot, Origin: Head and shaft of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: First metatarsal, first cuneiform Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot, Origin: Lateral COndyle of tibia, shaft of fibula Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges of second through fifth digits Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot, Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Elevates ribs (increases volume in thorax), Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax), Origin: Posterior occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 Insertion: Clavicle, Acromion process, and spine of scapula Action: Extends and abducts head, rotates and adducts scapula, fixes scapula, Origin: Spines of T2-5 Insertion: Lower one-third of vertebral border of scapula Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, Spines C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula at scapular spine Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Galea aponeurotica Insertion: Skin superior to orbit Action: Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly, Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth Insertion: Skin of lips Action: Closes lips, Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit Insertion: Skin of eyelid Action: Closes eyelid, Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Temporal fossa Insertion: coronoid process and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Sternum, clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal Action: Abducts, rotates, and flexes head, Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula Action: Abducts scapula (moves scapula away from spinal column), Origin: Bottom of rib cage, Crest of pubis, symphysis pubis Insertion: xiphoid process, Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest, pubis Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest Insertion: Linea alba, ribs 10-12 Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: the inner surface of the 7th to 12th costal cartilages, the thoracolumbar fascia, the iliac crest horizontally, and the inguinal ligament Insertion: linea alba Action: support for the abdominal wall, directly on top of the sciatic nerve The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. Action: external rotator of the thigh The Peripheral Nervous System, Chapter 18. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge! The upper limb(upper extremity) is truly a complex part of human anatomy. Origin: from the ischium of the pelvis Insertion: the tibia of the lower leg. origin: tip of the coracoid process Join the nursing revolution. It is available for free. Semispinalis capitis: Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12. Register now The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle medial most, the abductor lateral most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. Explore the definition and actions of origin and insertion and learn about action nomenclature and the functional roles of muscles. Click the card to flip . It is also innervated by the median nerve. Next to each muscle, youll find its origin(s), insertion(s), innervation(s) and function(s). The origin is the fixed attachment, while the insertion moves with contraction. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. Triceps brachii muscle:This is the only muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm. Some People Bang Like Monkeys. It arises from the flexor retinaculum, scaphoid tubercle, and trapezium. It also causes contributes to flexion of the proximal IP, MP, and wrist joints, although these are its secondary function. The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. The second way to describe a muscle's action is based on the joint, or the articulation. Remaining 0 Correct 0 Wrong 0 Press play! Flexor carpi muscles: In the superficial layer of the forearm is where we find flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris. Franchesca Druggan BA, MSc Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone. Read more. The thyrohyoid muscle also elevates the larynxs thyroid cartilage, whereas the sternothyroid depresses it. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. Have you triedour upper limb muscle anatomy revision chartyet? Facial muscles are different in that they create facial movements and expressions by pulling on the skinno bone movements are involved. You can feel the temporalis move by putting your fingers to your temple as you chew. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. Tearing most commonly occurs in the tendon of supraspinatus. Origin: Ischial Tuberosity , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. You will feel the movement originate there. origin: anterior sacrum It causes flexion of the interphalangeal joint (IP joint) of the thumb, as well as flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MP joint). With more than 600 muscles in the body, it can feel impossible to keep track of them all. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. It runs down the posterior compartment of the forearm and inserts into the middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd to 5th digits. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. 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The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). Rhomboid minor muscle:This is a smaller muscle with the same shape as the rhomboid major and lies above it. Avascular necrosis of the proximal segment is a common complication. Registered Nurse, Free Care Plans, Free NCLEX Review, Nurse Salary, and much more. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! Place your finger on your eyebrows at the point of the bridge of the nose. insertion: spinus process of scapula Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is flexed. All the intrinsic muscles of hand are supplied by the deep . Insertion: greater trochanter on the back of the femur The three muscles of the longissimus group are the longissimus capitis, associated with the head region; the longissimus cervicis, associated with the cervical region; and the longissimus thoracis, associated with the thoracic region. The muscle is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. The brachialis originates on the humerus, and it inserts on the front of the ulna. These insert into the 2nd - 5th proximal phalanges. Long head originates from the Supraglenoid cavity. It arises from the trapezium and transverse carpal ligament. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. Pectoralis minor inserts onto the coracoid process of the scapula. Similar to the erector spinae muscles, the semispinalis muscles in this group are named for the areas of the body with which they are associated. It also flexes the MP and wrist joints, although these are its secondary functions. Place your fingers on both sides of the neck and turn your head to the left and to the right. Teres Major. 0% 0:00.0 Click the card to flip . The first describes action in terms of the bone to which the muscle is attached or the appendage that is moved. Conversely, you can say the elbow is proximal to the wrist. All Rights Reserved. Validated and aligned with popular anatomy textbooks, these muscle cheat sheets are packed with high-quality illustrations. The tendon of the muscle passes in its own tunnel to enter the palm and it inserts onto the base of the 1st distal phalanx. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm. Upper limb muscles and movements: want to learn more about it? Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Wider than semmitendonosis This is the reason the muscle is well developed in boxers who protract their scapula in the terminal phases of their punches in order to maximize reach. Do you want an efficient way to remember the arm muscles? The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles:The longus muscle arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the dorsal surface of the 2nd metacarpal. Here's a mnemonic that summarizes the brachioradialis and helps you to remember it. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. The damaged nerve causes a weakened serratus anterior, leading to the scapula not being pulled down and in during circumduction. As the muscles contract, they exert force on the bones, which help to support and move our body along with its appendages. Like how the sartorious muscle is the only . It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. The iliocostalis group includes the iliocostalis cervicis, associated with the cervical region; the iliocostalis thoracis, associated with the thoracic region; and the iliocostalis lumborum, associated with the lumbar region. For example, the brachialis is a synergist of the biceps brachii during forearm flexion. The extrinsic muscles move the whole tongue in different directions, whereas the intrinsic muscles allow the tongue to change its shape (such as, curling the tongue in a loop or flattening it). It is innervated by the posterior scapular nerve. This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. Explain the difference between axial and appendicular muscles. It acts to support the extensor digitorum muscle in extending the index finger and wrist. It is innervated by spinal nerves C3-C4 and C5 via the posterior (dorsal) scapular nerve. Sample Decks: Muscles Actions, Origins, and Insertions of the Pelvic Complex and Hip (week 5), The Structure of The Knee Joint (week 6), The Foot and Ankle (week 6) Show Class. Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation whether youre a doctor, physiotherapist or yoga teacher, knowing the functions of a given muscle is very important. remember this mnemonic: Aortic hiatus=12 letters =T12 Esophageal =10 letters= T10 Vena cava = 8 letters = T8 Origin: These muscles are located inside the eye socket and cannot be seen on any part of the visible eyeball (Figure 11.4.3 and Table 11.3). It causes extension of the IP joints, the MP joints, and wrist. The palmar interossei are unipennate, and the dorsal interossei are bipennate. Both these muscles are known as the punching muscles as they contribute to radial deviation of the wrist, which is essential for boxers. This muscle allows you to whistle, blow, and suck; and it contributes to the action of chewing. Hamstring Anatomy Mnemonics - Origin, Insertion, Innervation & Action No views Aug 11, 2022 0 Dislike Share Save Memorize Medical 125 subscribers Easy ways to learn and remember the. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. The first grouping of the axial muscles you will review includes the muscles of the head and neck, then you will review the muscles of the vertebral column, and finally you will review the oblique and rectus muscles. They both arise from the medial epicondyle, with the radialis inserting onto the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, and the ulnaris into the pisiform, hook of hamate and base of the 5th metacarpal. origin: along spinus process of vertebrae and occipital bone PAD DAB ('Use your hand to dab with a pad'). Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. The muscles of the neck stabilize and move the head. Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). This results in a restricted range of motion. The lower subscapular nerve innervates the muscle and it is a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Stretching the muscle causes the triceps muscle to contract and, thus, slow flexion. It inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the 5th proximal phalanx. Last Played February 22, 2022 - 12:00 am There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. The serratus anterior muscle originates from the 1st to 8th or 9th rib s and inserts at the anterior surface of the scapula. It divides and allows the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to pass through at Campers chiasm (tendon split). The biceps brachii is the agonist in forearm flexion. Because of its mobility, the tongue facilitates complex speech patterns and sounds. It's important to note that the antagonist contraction is minor in comparison to the agonist contraction, and therefore it doesn't prevent the action of the agonist. Reviewer: It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. One common style of the Monteggia fracture is in children where the radial head is dislocated through a forceful pulling on the arm. 2009. It arises from the spinous processes of the T7-L5 (L = Lumbar) vertebrae, costals 8-12, inferior angle of the scapula, and iliac crest. The intrinsic muscles of the hand contain the origin and insertions within the carpal and metacarpal bones. Generally the muscles in the same compartment insert into the same bone. This muscle song will help you learn the major muscles of the human body. 2023 I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Commonly referred to as impingement syndrome.